OneSignal records metrics at each step of a message’s lifecycle — from when OneSignal hands the message to a third-party provider (FCM, APNs, Twilio, or an email ESP) through delivery, engagement, and any follow-up events. In-app messages and Live Activities have different lifecycles, which are covered in their own sections below.Use this page to reconcile numbers across the dashboard, API, CSV exports, and Event Streams, or when building internal reports.Each channel section contains:
Terms: the glossary of metrics and their definitions.
Delivery lifecycle: a visual representation of where each metric is captured.
Metrics mapping: the name of each metric across every OneSignal surface (dashboard, API, CSV, Event Streams).
In the mapping tables, columns are surfaces (where the metric appears) and rows are concepts (what the metric represents).
The number of push notifications sent from OneSignal, including both those successfully sent to the push provider and failures. This is a composite metric.
Audience
The number of Subscriptions in the targeted Segment(s).
Remaining
The number of Subscriptions in the target audience that haven’t yet received the push notification (queued or in flight). Appears on the dashboard delivery report.
Delivered
The number of push notifications successfully sent to and accepted by the push provider (FCM, APNs, HMS).
Confirmed Receipt
The number of push notifications confirmed as received by the device, verified by the OneSignal SDK. See Confirmed Delivery for platform-specific details and requirements.
Unsubscribed
The number of push Subscriptions that did not receive the push notification because they uninstalled the app, cleared browser data, or opted out of push and have not opened the app since. OneSignal will not attempt to send to these Subscriptions in future messages unless they re-subscribe.
Failed
The number of push Subscriptions that did not receive the push notification because of an error. OneSignal will attempt to send to these Subscriptions in future messages.
Clicked
The number of push Subscriptions that clicked the push notification. Push notifications can only be clicked once.
Frequency Capped
The number of push Subscriptions that did not receive the push notification due to frequency cap settings.
1 The API also includes per-platform metrics for all fields except remaining (for example, ios_clicked, android_clicked).2 The composite Sent metric does not have a direct field in the View Message(s) API. To derive it, sum successful + failed + errored. Audience activity exports also do not include a Sent field.3 In the View Message(s) API and Notifications CSV, the field name failed represents unsubscribed subscriptions and errored represents delivery errors (what the dashboard calls Failed). This naming is preserved for backward compatibility.
The number of emails sent from OneSignal, including both those successfully sent to the email service provider and failures. This is a composite metric.
Audience
The number of Subscriptions in the targeted Segment(s).
Remaining
The number of Subscriptions in the target audience that haven’t yet received the email (queued or in flight). Appears on the dashboard delivery report.
Delivered
The number of emails successfully delivered to the recipient’s inbox server.
Failed
The number of emails unable to be delivered to the inbox, excluding bounces. May include failures reported by the ESP or OneSignal delivery failures.
Suppressed
The number of emails blocked due to prior bounces or spam reports to protect sender reputation. Only recorded for apps configured to use OneSignal email.
Bounced
The number of emails rejected due to invalid addresses, full inboxes, sender reputation, or DMARC issues. These addresses are added to a Suppression List, either managed by OneSignal or a third party ESP.
Reported as Spam
The number of recipients who marked the email as spam. These addresses are added to a Suppression List, either managed by OneSignal or a third party ESP.
Unsubscribed
The number of recipients who opted out of receiving emails.
Total Opens
The total number of times the email was opened, including repeats.
Total Clicks
The total number of times a link in the email was clicked, including repeats.
Unique Opens
The number of individual Subscriptions who opened the email. Used with Delivered to calculate the open rate.
Unique Clicks
The number of individual Subscriptions who clicked a link in the email. Used with Delivered to calculate the click rate.
Total vs Unique clicks and opensUnique clicks and opens are counted once per Subscription, regardless of how many times that user opens or clicks the same email. Total clicks and opens count every interaction, including repeats from the same user.
1 The dashboard uses different labels for the same metric across surfaces: Reported as Spam (stat cards, Journey stat cards), Spam (timeseries charts), and Complained (Audience Activity). All refer to recipients who marked the message as spam or junk.
The number of messages sent from OneSignal, including both those successfully sent to Twilio and failures. This is a composite metric.
Audience
The number of Subscriptions in the targeted Segment(s).
Remaining
The number of Subscriptions in the target audience that haven’t yet received the message (queued or in flight). Appears on the dashboard delivery report.
Delivered
The number of messages successfully delivered to the carrier as reported by Twilio. Metrics are categorized further to distinguish between SMS/MMS and RCS.
Failed
The number of messages that failed to be sent to Twilio.
Suppressed
The number of messages not sent to the Subscriptions because they opted out of receiving messages from the sender.
Rejected
The number of messages not delivered by the carrier due to number blockage, velocity blockage, or the recipient is on a block list. This is a derived metric and is the sum of provider errors and provider failures.
Provider Errored
The number of Subscriptions for which Twilio failed to send the message.
Provider Undelivered
The number of Subscriptions for which Twilio sent the message but failed to deliver it.
Read(RCS only)
The number of Subscriptions who read an RCS message.
Total Clicks
The total number of times a link in the message was clicked, including repeats.
Unique Clicks
The number of unique link clicks across all links in the message. Counted once per Subscription.
Replied
The number of keywords received by OneSignal, excluding consent keywords.
Unsubscribed
The number of opt-out keywords received by OneSignal.
1 Audience Activity combines Failed and Rejected into a single Failed & Rejected bucket. Stat cards and Journey stat cards show them separately.2 Delivery Report timeseries charts break the provider-side failures into Failed (Errored) and Failed (Undelivered), which map to Provider Errored and Provider Undelivered. Stat cards roll these up under Failed.
3 The sum of failed and errored — both recorded in OneSignal’s internal system when attempting to send to Twilio — is surfaced as Failed in the dashboard.
The number of times an in-app message successfully displayed to a Subscription. Depending on your in-app settings, a single Subscription may register multiple impressions.
Card Impressions
The number of times a card within a carousel was displayed on a device. A carousel message will have multiple cards, but not all cards may be viewed by each user. Only applies to carousels.
Total Clicks
The number of times a button block, image block, or background was clicked. It does not include the “Close Button” clicks.
Unique Clicks
The number of unique clicks across all buttons, images, and backgrounds in the message. Counted once per Subscription.
1 We filter out “Close Button” clicks out of Total Clicks on the IAM Delivery
Report stat card.2 While we don’t have a label on the dashboard for unique clicks, we show
unique clicks count alongside the CTR.
The number of Live Activity updates sent from OneSignal, including both those successfully sent to the push provider (APNs) and failures. This is a composite metric.
Delivered
The number of Live Activity updates successfully sent to and accepted by the push provider (APNs).
Confirmed Receipt
The number of Live Activity updates confirmed as received by the Subscriptions, verified by the OneSignal SDK. See Confirmed Delivery for platform-specific details and requirements.
Unsubscribed
The number of push Subscriptions that did not receive the Live Activity update because they uninstalled the app, cleared browser data, or opted out of push and have not opened the app since. OneSignal will not attempt to send to these Subscriptions in future messages.
Failed
The number of push Subscriptions that did not receive the Live Activity update because of an error. OneSignal will attempt to send to these Subscriptions in future messages.
1 The Event Streams names are shifted relative to the dashboard concepts: message.live_activity.sent maps to Delivered (accepted by APNs), and message.live_activity.delivered maps to Confirmed Receipt (acknowledged by the device). Wire report pipelines to the concept, not the literal event name.2 As with push, the View Message(s) API and CSV field failed represents unsubscribed subscriptions and errored represents delivery errors (Failed).
Why don’t my dashboard and API counts match for push?
The dashboard Sent metric is a composite — it equals Delivered + Unsubscribed + Failed. The View Message(s) API does not return a direct sent field; sum successful + failed + errored to get the equivalent value.
Why does the Push API return failed for unsubscribes and errored for delivery errors?
The field names are preserved from an earlier version of the API. In the View Message(s) API and Notifications CSV, failed means the subscription is no longer reachable (uninstalled, cleared browser data, or opted out) and errored means a delivery error that OneSignal will retry. The dashboard labels these as Unsubscribed and Failed respectively.
What’s the difference between Total Opens and Unique Opens?
Total Opens counts every open event, including repeat opens from the same recipient. Unique Opens counts each recipient at most once. The same pattern applies to Total Clicks vs Unique Clicks for email, SMS/RCS, and in-app messages.
Why does the Live Activities message.live_activity.sent event map to Delivered instead of Sent?
The event name is historical. message.live_activity.sent fires when APNs accepts the activity update (the Delivered concept), and message.live_activity.delivered fires when the device acknowledges receipt (the Confirmed Receipt concept). Use the mapping table above when configuring downstream analytics.
Why does Twilio’s delivery count sometimes differ from OneSignal’s Delivered for SMS/RCS?
OneSignal’s Delivered metric reflects carrier-confirmed delivery reported back by Twilio. Differences usually come from messages that are still in flight at the time you compare, late status callbacks from carriers, or messages that moved to Provider Undelivered after an initial acceptance. See the SMS/RCS lifecycle above for where each state is captured.
How do I map dashboard labels for SMS Failed to the timeseries chart?
The stat cards show a single Failed bucket, while the timeseries chart splits provider-side failures into Failed (Errored) (Provider Errored) and Failed (Undelivered) (Provider Undelivered). Audience Activity combines Failed and Rejected into Failed & Rejected.
